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The second sensing configuration is "side detection". This requires the magnet to move on the surface of the Hall effect element in a lateral movement.

Lateral or sliding detection is useful for detecting the presence of a magnetic field, such as when the magnetic field moves across the surface of the Hall element within a fixed air gap distance, for example, to calculate the speed of a rotating magnet or motor.

Omnipolar Micropower Hall Effect Sensor

According to the position when the magnetic field passes through the center line of the sensor zero fields, a linear output voltage that represents both a positive output and a negative output can be generated. This allows directional motion detection, which can be vertical or horizontal.

Hall effect sensors have many different applications, especially as proximity sensors. If the environmental conditions include water, vibration, dust or oil, for example in automotive applications, they can be used instead of optical and light sensors. Hall effect devices can also be used for current sensing.

From the previous tutorial, we know that when current flows through a conductor, a circular electromagnetic field is generated around the conductor. By placing the Hall sensor next to the conductor, it is possible to measure currents from a few milliamperes to thousands of amperes from the generated a magnetic field without the need for large or expensive transformers and coils.

In addition to detecting the presence or absence of magnets and magnetic fields, Hall effect sensors can also detect ferromagnetic materials such as iron and iron by placing a small permanent "bias" magnet behind the active area of the device. Now, the sensor is located in a permanent and static magnetic field, and any changes or interference to the magnetic field by introducing ferrous materials will be detected with the lowest possible mV/G sensitivity.

Position detector

When there is no magnetic field (0 Gauss), the front position detector will be "OFF". When the south pole of the permanent magnet (positive Gauss) moves vertically toward the effective area of the Hall effect sensor, the device will "turn on" and light up the LED. Once switched to "ON", the Hall effect sensor will remain "ON".

To turn off the device and turn off the LEDs, the magnetic field must be reduced below the release point of the unipolar sensor, or the magnetic field must be exposed to the north pole (negative Gauss) of the bipolar sensor. If the output of the Hall-effect sensor is needed to switch a larger current load, a larger power transistor can be used instead of the LED.

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